In October 1992, Mart Laar took office in a country just out of five decades of Soviet occupation. Bread was rationed. Output per person had fallen by about a quarter since 1990.
He had picked up Friedman partly because he knew the Soviets despised him.
BREAKING: Ukrainian strikes on Russian technology giant Yandex's data centres have been followed by a dramatic decline in automated online activity, particularly on Reddit, per Euronews
Technical moats are mostly over at this point. If you’re building something that is meant to be durable, the only moats now are:
• Proprietary data
• Network effects
• A physical component
The best way to make cryptography stronger is to try to break it.
AI can actually build confidence in cryptography, argues Stanford cryptographer Dan Boneh.
Walmart is selling real diamond earrings for $12.
Not a typo. Half-carat lab-grown diamonds, same carbon, graded by the same labs that grade the stone in your engagement ring. A jeweler can't tell them apart without a machine.
And that $12 price tag is why the company that invented the engagement ring is about to get sold for scrap.
De Beers ran the diamond trade for over a century. At its peak it controlled up to 90% of the world's rough supply, and when demand dipped it just locked diamonds in London vaults until prices came back. The slogan "A Diamond Is Forever" came from their ad agency in 1947. So did the rule that a ring should cost two months of your salary. Before that campaign, most American brides never got a diamond at all.
The whole thing held for 80 years because there were only so many mines. Then China started growing diamonds in reactors, and there's no vault on earth big enough to hide a factory's output.
Lab-grown wholesale prices have crashed roughly 96% from their peak, down to around $100 a carat. The Knot says 61% of engagement rings sold in 2025 had lab-grown center stones, up 239% since 2020. Even De Beers' own average selling price fell 32% in a year, to $105 a carat.
So Anglo American, which owns De Beers, has written it down by $6.8 billion in two years and is now in talks to sell the whole thing for about $1 billion. This is a company that was valued over $18 billion in 2001 and $13 billion as recently as 2011.
The stones coming out of the ground are the same as ever. The only scarce thing De Beers ever owned was the marketing, and marketing doesn't survive a $12 price tag at Walmart.
Ordinary, stable atoms can only exist in a Universe with 3 space dimensions
The argument is very straightforward:
Stability in atoms is a balance between kinetic energy and potential energy of the electrons
🧵 1/6
Durable Nonces will be deprecated next year!
It will move out of the protocol and into onchain programs.
Now is the time to try out the new solutions and give feedback to make the tooling around it great for the migration period.
Everything you need to know in the deprecation guide:
solana.com/upgrades/durable-nonce-deprecation
Solana just halved its target slot time.
400ms → 200ms
2.5 → 5 target slots per second
1.6s → 0.8s validator leader windows
For perspective, Ethereum still runs 12-second slots.
That's 60x longer per slot than Solana's new target.
Solana's first full epoch averaged 218.3ms.
We're now looking at more frequent transaction executions, quicker feedback, fresher onchain data for defi..
That's just block production btw.
Alpenglow targets ~150ms finality. Not live yet.
Solana will be the home of onchain finance.
Ex-Google CEO Eric Schmidt:
"the belief is among some people in San Francisco that there will be an explosion in learning that will accelerate past what humans can understand"
Imagine a mathematical proof that's too complex for any human to understand, yet we can verify it's true
What does it mean if humans can never understand it?
This is pretty obviously a board revision. Left has a newer cost cutting variant of the soc on the right (35 vs 55). Switching to an external antenna on the left could be a cost savings or reliability improvement over the right where the antenna is not visible. Could be either chip or trace there. Similarly those "scary" red wires left have spring pad analogs on the right
Guy is an attention whore larp